Amphotericin B from Streptomyces (Streptomycesnodosus) separation of medium, and a class of polyene antifungal drugs. Domestic lushan toxin is the same material with this drug. Yellow or orange yellow powder; Odourless or almost odourless, tasteless; Have led to wet, vulnerable to damage failure in the sun. Dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, slightly soluble in dimethylformamide, slightly dissolved in methanol, in water, ethanol, insoluble in chloroform or ether. In neutral or acidic medium can form salt, increased its water-soluble antibacterial activity decreased, its deoxycholic acid sodium salt can do injection.
The antibacterial mechanism
Amphotericin B has a carboxyl and amino structure, both between acid and alkali. Polyene antibiotic is mainly used for deep fungal infection, such antibiotics combined with fungal cells sterol, damage of the membrane permeability, causing fungi in potassium ion leakage, nucleotides, amino acids thereof, destroy the normal metabolism and its antibacterial effect. Cells lack of sterol except mycoplasma bacteria cannot be polyene antibiotic effect. Free sterol and sterol competition on the cell membrane polyene antibiotic, and make the polyene antibiotic effect reduced.
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From:Lactic acid bacteria
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